Surgical Risks

Surgery :: Anterior lumbar interbody fusion :: Anterior Cervical Decompression Fusion
Lumbar Disc Replacement :: Posterior Cervical Spine Surgery :: Spinal Deformity Surgery
Lumbar Decompression and Fusion :: Lumbar Discectomy :: FAQ

What are the risks involved in spinal surgery?

All surgical procedures are associated with a risk of complications and all risks should be discussed with your surgeon. The risks may be associated with the anaesthesia or the surgical procedure. Surgical complications can include bleeding, infection, spinal fluid leak, injury to the veins and arteries near the spine or injury to the spine's nerve tissue or its surrounding protective layer

Injury to the spinal cord or the nerves may occur during surgery and can result in complete paralysis of all four limbs or paralysis of certain muscles in the arms or legs, with loss of normal sensation. Loss of bowel and bladder control can also occur following injury to the nerves. An injury to the covering layers of the nerves (dura) can result in a leak of spinal fluid and this may occasionally require a repeat surgery. Great care is taken to ensure the accurate placement of the screws, including the use of intra-operative fluoroscopy (x-rays).

Although antibiotics are given before and after surgery, there is a 1% to 5% incidence of wound infection. Superficial mild infections can be treated with antibiotics, while deep infections may require a wound wash-out under anaesthesia. If you have had an infection in any other region (urinary bladder, chest and skin) immediately prior to surgery, you may be at a higher risk of post-operative infection in the spine, so let your surgeon know.

Venous thrombosis (DVT - clotting of blood in your calf muscles) and pulmonary embolism are uncommon following an elective spine surgery, particularly when you are out of bed and walking within 24 hours after surgery. We use calf compressors and TED stockings to prevent the clotting of blood in legs; we do not routinely use medications. However, if you have had an episode of DVT in the past, let your surgeon know.

There are certain warning signs you should look for after surgery that may indicate a problem, such as excessive bleeding, redness or discharge from the wound, fever, weakness or numbness of the legs, or problems urinating. If you notice any worrisome symptoms, notify your surgeon or his office at once..

Talk to your surgeon

This is a brief overview and does not include all the known facts about your condition and the surgery. Feel free to seek any clarifications from your surgeon and his or her team. It is important for you to obtain a clear understanding of your condition, the surgery and the potential risks and benefits before you sign the consent form.